Use: Learn to use reason clauses accurately to connect ideas and express differences, intentions, and causes in speech and writing.

WARM UP

Answer quickly. No right or wrong answers. Full answers only.

Why was it important to come to class today?

Why do people cancel plans sometimes?

Why do companies delay projects?

Why do people change habits?

GRAMMAR

Read. Don't analyze.

Reason → Clause

He woke up late because he didn't hear the alarm.

We stayed home since the concert was cancelled.

I went for a walk as I needed some fresh air.

Reason → Noun Phrase

The match was canceled because of the fog.

The road was closed due to construction work.

The flight was delayed owing to strong winds.

Micro-rule

Because / since / as + clause

Because of / due to / owing to + noun or –ing

Example:

We stayed inside because it was raining.

We stayed inside because of the rain.

ACTIVATION

Student must orally create the sentence.

Example

Why was the event postponed?

→ Because there weren't enough people.
→ Due to a low number of participants.

Prompts

• miss the train

• bad weather

• technical problem

• lack of time

• unexpected situation

• traffic delay

• low budget

• poor communication

• schedule conflict

• equipment failure

(Student answers using reason clause OR noun phrase .)

PERSONAL QUESTIONS

Language Support

Answer the questions with these sentences. Speak in full ideas.

I feel ___ because ___; for example, ___ and ___.

One issue is ___ because of ___.

I believe companies should ___ since ___.

This behavior leads to ___ due to ___.

I changed ___ as ___ wasn't working for me.

(Students choose clause OR noun phrase naturally .)

Questions

1.What habit have you changed because it wasn't helping you ?

2.Tell me about a plan you canceled because of an unexpected situation .

3.What is something you improved as it made your life easier ?

4.What goals have you set since your circumstances changed ?

5.What tasks do you avoid because of lack of time ?

6.What decision did you make recently because it felt necessary ?

7.What activity do you enjoy because it helps you relax ?

8.What skill have you developed since you started working/studying ?

9.What habit do many people have because of social pressure ?

10.What problem do companies face due to poor communication ?

11.What change would improve your routine because it would save time ?

12.What project failed because of poor planning ?