Lesson 31: Past Simple + Functions & States

WARM UP

Think about yesterday.

• What did you do yesterday?
• Did you work or relax?
• Did you watch something?
• Did you walk anywhere?
• Did you help someone?

Answer in full sentences.

VOCABULARY – FUNCTIONS & STATES

Part 1

• ask /ɑːsk/ – preguntar
Example: I asked a question in class.

• carry /ˈkæri/ – llevar
Example: I carried my bag to school.

• clean /kliːn/ – limpiar
Example: I cleaned my room yesterday.

• close /kləʊz/ – cerrar
Example: I closed the door.

• enjoy /ɪnˈdʒɔɪ/ – disfrutar
Example: I enjoyed the lesson.

• finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ – terminar
Example: I finished my homework.

• help /help/ – ayudar
Example: I helped my friend.

• like /laɪk/ – gustar
Example: I liked the activity.

• need /niːd/ – necesitar
Example: I needed more time.

• open /ˈəʊpən/ – abrir
Example: I opened the book.

Part 2

• phone /fəʊn/ – llamar
Example: I phoned my friend.

• play /pleɪ/ – jugar / tocar
Example: I played football.

• show /ʃəʊ/ – mostrar
Example: I showed my work.

• start /stɑːt/ – empezar
Example: I started work at 9.

• wait /weɪt/ – esperar
Example: I waited for the bus.

• walk /wɔːk/ – caminar
Example: I walked to school.

• want /wɒnt/ – querer
Example: I wanted coffee.

• watch /wɒtʃ/ – ver
Example: I watched a film.

• work /wɜːk/ – trabajar
Example: I worked all day.

Say each word out loud.
Focus on pronunciation and the -ed ending.

GRAMMAR – PAST SIMPLE

We use the past simple to talk about finished actions in the past.

• Add -ed to regular verbs
• Use time expressions like yesterday, last night, last week

Examples

• I asked a question yesterday.
• I carried my bag to school.
• I cleaned my room last night.
• I closed the door after class.

• I enjoyed the lesson.
• I finished my homework.
• I helped my friend.
• I liked the activity.

• I needed help.
• I opened the book.
• I phoned my friend.
• I played football.

• I showed my work to the teacher.
• I started work at 9.
• I waited for the bus.
• I walked home.

• I wanted a coffee.
• I watched a film.
• I worked all day.

DIALOGUE – TALKING ABOUT YESTERDAY

Anna: What did you do yesterday?
Mark: I worked all day and finished late.

Anna: Did you watch anything?
Mark: Yes, I watched a film and enjoyed it.

Anna: Did you help anyone?
Mark: Yes, I helped a friend and showed my notes.

Anna: Did you go out?
Mark: No, I walked home and rested.

Read again and practise.

SHORT ARTICLE

Yesterday was a busy day. I started work early and opened my laptop. I worked for many hours and finished an important task. I asked my colleague for help, and she helped me. I also phoned a client and showed my ideas. At lunchtime, I walked to a café and waited for my friend. We talked, and I really enjoyed the time. In the evening, I cleaned my room, closed the windows, and watched a film. I liked the film, but I wanted to sleep early because I needed rest.

Read the article twice. Notice all the past simple verbs.

LANGUAGE SUPPORT

Talking about the past

• I worked yesterday.
• I finished my homework.
• I watched a film.

Asking about the past

• Did you work yesterday?
• Did you watch a film?
• Did you help anyone?

Full sentence model

• Yesterday, I worked, helped a friend, and watched a film.

PERSONAL QUESTIONS

Answer in full sentences.

• What did you do yesterday?
• Did you work or study?
• Did you watch anything? What?
• Did you walk anywhere? Where?
• Did you help someone? Who?
• Did you enjoy your day? Why?
• Did you finish everything you needed to do?
• Did you phone anyone?
• Did you play any sport or game?
• What did you want to do but didn’t? Why?

HOMEWORK (WRITE & RECORD)

Writing

Write 8 sentences about yesterday:

• Use at least 8 different verbs from the list
• Use past simple in every sentence

Recording

Read your sentences aloud clearly.
Focus on the pronunciation of -ed endings.
Repeat your recording to improve fluency and accuracy.